critics have rightly observed for generations.[42] Traces of oral tradition are also evident throughout Paul’s writings, which often speak with technical language about the “tradition” (παράδοσις)[43] which he both “received” (παραλαμβάνω) and “delivers” (παραδίδωμι).[44] But—and this is the key question—is the largely illiterate nature of early Christianity, and its use of oral tradition, a sufficient basis to characterize it as having an “oral state of mind”[45] with an accompanying deep-seated